Neogene

Paleogene

Cretaceous

Jurassic

Triassic

Permian

Carboniferous

Devonian

Silurian

Ordovician

Cambrian

Neoproterozoic

Mesoproterozoic

Paleoproterozoic

Main source = Abduazimova, Z.M. (Ed.), 2001. Stratigraphic Dictionary of Uzbekistan. IMR (Institute of Mineral Resources), Tashkent, 580 pp. (In Russian) Translated to English by the GeoGPT group, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, China--see About

Kalsarin Formation

Kalsarin Fm

Period:

Cambrian, Ordovician

Age Interval:

Late Cambrian–Early Ordovician, N7

Province:
Nuratau

Type Locality and Naming

Along the village of Kalsara, N. Nuratau ridge, R.R. Usmanov in 1981, 1984. Stratotype at Gauhanasay, hypostatotype in the Kattasay basin, in the area of the village of Kalsara.

Synonym: Kalsarin Suite, Кальсаринская св.

Lithology and Thickness

The section consists of limestone-slate deposits and has a flyschoid structure. It is divided into three parts.

1. Lower: Alternating dark gray (light gray on the surface, brownish-gray) calcareous slates, silty (aleurolitic) limestones, and calcareous siltstone (aleurolites), with rare layers (30-40 cm) of polymict dolomitized sandstones and black quartz-siliceous rock with stromatolite-oncolite formations. Parallel and cross-bedding are characteristic. Thickness 40m.

2. Middle: Limestone-slate part with a flyschoid structure, consisting of rhythmically alternating gray and dark gray layered (from 1-2, 10-15 to 30-40 cm at the base) limestones, silver-gray carbonaceous-micaceous and calcareous slates, and less frequently lenticular layers of organogenic-clastic limestones. Parallel and cross-bedding, subaqueous landslide textures, and signs of underwater currents are characteristic. Thickness 50m.

3. Upper: Part of clayey-micaceous, siliceous-micaceous greenish and dark gray slates, containing subordinate lenses and layers of fine-grained limestones, and less frequently siltstone (aleurolites). Thickness 15m.

The total thickness of the M.K. Formation in the North Nuratau does not exceed 105 m, and in the South Nuratau – 190 m.

Lithology Pattern:

Clayey limestone

Relationships and Distribution

Lower contact

The lower contact is unknown

Upper contact

The upper contact with the Gobduntau Fm is with the Kattasay Fm. Previously, the limestone–schist formations of the Kalsarin Fm, conformable with the Badamchalin Fm, were considered in the North Nuratau as part of the Zhivachisay Fm, whose age was interpreted as Middle Cambrian, Mayan Stage (Pyatkov et al., 1975f.; Asatullaev et al., 1972f.).

Regional extent

Southern slope of the North Nuratau Range (from the Pangatsay River in the west to the Sanzar River in the east), South Nuratau Range (from the village of Varadzhan in the west to the end of the Karakchatau in the east), Gobduntau Mountains (northern belt).

GeoJSON

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Fossils

Middle – In the slates, Late Cambrian conodonts are present: Oneotodus gallatini Müller, Proconodontus cf. tricarinatus (Neg.), Distacodus cf. cambricus Müller, Westergaardodina tricuspidata Müller, etc.; in the limestones, there are eocrinoids, hyoliths, trilobites, sponge spicules, radiaxials Radiaxialia gobdunica Pjan.; in the layers of black quartz-siliceous rock, cyanobacteria Nuratella kalsarinica Pjan. At this level in Gobduntay, according to T.I. Khayrullina et al. (482), poorly preserved trilobites belonging to Hypagnostus sp., Clavagnostus sp., Peronopsis sp., characteristic of the Mayan horizon of the Middle Cambrian, are present. Similar trilobite fragments were found in S. Nuratau, in the Kattasay basin, in organogenic-clastic lenticular layers of limestones (10–12 cm), interbedded with slates containing Upper Cambrian conodonts.

Upper – In the slates, Tremadocian conodonts are present: Cordylodus proavus Müller, C. lindstrumi Dr. et Jon., C. prion Lind., etc. [NOTE: C. proavus conodont zone is now the uppermost Cambrian, but base of C. lindstromi is the marker for the GSSP of the Tremadocian.]

Age

In the South Nuratau, they were included in the Kutanbulak Fm, Kaynakbulak Fm, Upper Buratbulak Fm, and Shurchinek Fm units, which were assigned an Early Paleozoic (?) age, Llandovery, Ludlow (?) (Loshkin et al., 1963f., 1965f., 1967f.) or Late Cambrian (?) (280). I.A. Pyanovskaya et al. (371) included them in the Shurchinek Fm, Middle–Upper Cambrian, and the Kutanbulak Fm, Lower–Middle Cambrian.R.S. Khan et al. (1990f.) mapped and determined the extent of the Kalsarin Fm in the South Nuratau, excluding it from other formations, and assigned it a provisional Cambrian age. In the North Nuratau, R.R. Usmanov et al. (1984f., 1999f.) distinguished the Kalsarin Fm from the Zhivachisay Fm, established its extent in the Nuratau Mountains, and attributed it to the Middle–Upper Cambrian. The formation has the same age in the reference legend of the 1:50,000 State Geological Map of the Northern and Southern Nuratau Mining Districts (Korsakov et al., 1993f.) and on the 1:500,000 State Geological Map of Uzbekistan (460). According to Z.M. Abduazimova et al. (1993f., 1996f.) and in the monograph (165), based on paleontological data, the formation is assigned a Late Cambrian–Early Ordovician age.

Age Span:

Beginning stage:

Jiangshanian

Fraction up in beginning stage:

0.0

Beginning date (Ma):

494.20

Ending stage:

Tremadocian

Fraction up in the ending stage:

1.0

Ending date (Ma):

477.08

Depositional setting

Depositional pattern:

Additional Information

Compiler:

Z.M. Abduazimova – In: GeoGPT translation of: “Abduazimova, Z.M. (Ed.), 2001. Stratigraphic Dictionary of Uzbekistan. IMR (Institute of Mineral Resources), Tashkent, 580 pp. (In Russian)”